[Smaug123]

Could you give an example to distinguish them? Async means not-synchronous, which I understand to mean that the next computation to start is not necessarily the next computation to finish. Concurrent means multiple different parts of the program may make progress before any one of them finishes. Are they not the same? (Of course, concurrency famously does not imply parallelism, one counterexample being a single-threaded async runtime.)

[Sharlin]

Async, for better or worse, in 2025 is generally used to refer to the async/await programming model in particular, or more generally to non-blocking interfaces that notify you when they're finished (often leading to the so-called "callback hell" which motivated the async/await model).

[hgomersall]

If you are waiting for a hardware interrupt to happen based on something external happening, then you might use async. The benefit is primarily to do with code structure - you write your code such that the next thing to happen only happens when the interrupt has triggered, without having to manually poll completion.

You might have a mechanism for scheduling other stuff whilst waiting for the interrupt (like Tokio's runtime), but even that might be strictly serial.

[aallaall]

So async enable concurrent outstanding requests.