[doix]

> No one would retrieve all users and then filter them within the program.

No one _should_ do that, but that's a common enough problem (that usually doesn't get found until code is running in production). I suspect with the rise of vibe coding, it's going to happen more and more.

[regularfry]

Sometimes it's forced by using the wrong database in the first place, or the wrong data structure. It can be less pain to do a bit of post-processing in the application layer than to unpick either of those.