[achierius]

You have it backwards. Modern compilers don't use SSA because it's "simpler", we use it because it enables very fast data-flow optimizations (constant prop, CSE, register allocation, etc.) that would otherwise require a lot of state. It doesn't "pretend state doesn't exist", it's actually exactly what makes it possible/practical for the compiler to handle changes in state.

As some evidence to the second point: Haskell is a language that does enforce immutability, but it's compiler, GHC, does not use SSA for main IR -- it uses a "spineless tagless g-machine" graph representation that does, in fact, rely on that immutability. SSA only happens later once it's lowered to a mutating form. If your variables aren't mutated, then you don't even need to transform them to SSA!

Of course, you're welcome to try something else, people certainly have -- take a look at how V8's move to Sea-of-Nodes has gone for them.

[mananaysiempre]

To appreciate the “fast” part, nothing beats reading though LuaJIT’s lj_opt_fold.c, none of which would work without SSA.

Of course, LuaJIT is cheating, because compared to most compilers it has redefined the problem to handling exactly two control-flow graphs (a line and a line followed by a loop), so most of the usual awkward parts of SSA simply do not apply. But isn’t creatively redefining the problem the software engineer’s main tool?..

[pjmlp]

Meanwhile Java Hotspot, where Sea-of-Nodes was originally made mainstream, and GraalVM are doing just fine.

The author of Sea-of-Nodes approach is quite critic of V8's decision, as one would expect.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zo801M9E--M

[antonvs]

> take a look at how V8's move to Sea-of-Nodes has gone for them.

Are you implying it hasn't gone well? I thought it bought some performance at least. What are the major issues? Any sources I can follow up on?

[kibwen]

V8 blog post from March: "Land ahoy: leaving the Sea of Nodes" https://v8.dev/blog/leaving-the-sea-of-nodes

[pjmlp]

Feedback from sea of nodes algorithm creator, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zo801M9E--M

[antonvs]

Fascinating, thanks!

[fooker]

The major issue is that approximately one person in the world understands it well enough to make it work in practice, and that kind of tech debt can't really be pushed too far.