[goatlover]

Difference is mathematical arguments can be shown to be provably true when exhaustively checked (which is straight forward with simpler proofs). Something you don't get with the empirical sciences.

Also the empirical part means natural phenomena needs to be involved. Math can be purely abstract.

[nitwit005]

You're making a strong argument if you believe you checked every possibility, but it's still just an argument.

If you want to escape human fallibility, I'm afraid you're going to need divine intervention. Works checked as carefully as possible still seem to frequently feature corrections.