[lithocarpus]

I think the first question to be addressed should be, does the general population have similar prevalence of this bacteria?

I didn't read the article but just based on the parent comment, it sounds like this baseline hasn't yet been established. It seems very wrong to start testing antibiotics without first establishing the baseline of whether everyone has this bacteria.

[DaveZale]

another possibility that was floated in the TFA was vaccination. The whole point of the article was to precisely map out a mechanism, beyond that, many possibilities exist for intervention or prevention.