[beagle3]

Yes , I did, thanks.

> People who do linear regression at work don't add a x0 feature?

Sometimes they do that; sometimes the data already has a subset known to have sum 1 (e.g., if you binary variables that reflect "one of n choices" which must be set), and in this case adding x0=1 makes things worse (from a numerical perspective) for many algorithms.

Regardless, I've always seen regulation theory stated with lambda*identity matrices.