[BrendanLong]

Some esoteric methods of measuring CPU utilizations are to calculate either the current power usage over the max available power, or the current temperature over the max operating temperature. Unfortunately these are typically even more non-linear than the standard metrics (but they can be useful sometimes).

[gblargg]

Like measuring RMS of an AC voltage by running it through a heating element: https://wikipedia.org/wiki/True_RMS_converter#Thermal_conver...

[PunchyHamster]

except it doesn't really tell you much, because having some parts of CPUs underutilized doesn't mean adding load will utilize them. Like if load underutilizes floating point units and you have nothing else that uses them

[inetknght]

> Like if load underutilizes floating point units

This is why I sigh really hard when people talk about some measurement of FLOPS per second, as if it's the only thing that matters.

It matters. Perhaps it matters a lot for specific workloads. But most general workloads are integer-based.

[colejohnson66]

But *sparkle emoji* AI *sparkle emoji*

[kqr]

Also there's dark silicon to consider – the CPU simply cannot for thermal reasons run power to all parts of itself at the same time.