[diarrhea]

Yes, Python is massively ahead there. The largest wart is that types can be out of sync with actual implementation, with things blowing up at runtime -- but so can Go with `any` and reflection.

Python, for a number of years at this point, has had structural (!) pattern matching with unpacking, type-checking baked in, with exhaustiveness checking (depending on the type checker you use). And all that works at "type-check time".

It can also facilitate type-state programming through class methods.

Libraries like Pydantic are fantastic in their combination of ergonomics and type safety.

The prime missing piece is sum types, which need language-level support to work well.

Go is simplistic in comparison.

[kragen]

As long as none of the code you wrote ten years ago is worth anything, and you don't expect to want to use the code you're writing today ten years from now. Python is useful for prototyping.

[Too]

This. Both Typescript and Python type systems are way far ahead, with structural typing, exhaustive checks and much more.