> This is the tricky bit thou and will come down to chicken and egg problem of adopting some convention
Sure, there needs to be a standard for this, but it could be as simple as using a new rel value, say, “futurecontent”, and title (when used with <link>) or content (when used with <a>) giving the description of what will be found at the link when it is ready.
Dedicate a portion of your site to notifications. Allocate the URL there with a blank page that has a meta 404 tag or something.
When blog post is live, replace the meta 404 with a meta redirect to the real permalink.
You can do an all-manual URL shortener for QR codes the same way. That means you can also have a QR code for this kind of subscription, which is cool