...so it's got a mass 3x that of our sun, but it's the size of Jupiter? And it's a planet? ...What? The star it orbits is about the same size as our sun, yet a planet orbits it with 3x the mass? I'm missing something massive here, or the summary is terrible.
Radial velocity, how quickly a planet moves “back and forth towards an observer” as it revolved about its star [1]. Its amplitude suggests planetary mass, its spectral shape orbital eccentricity.