[easyThrowaway]

I am no electrical engineer, but I believe most drives still available on the market use an ASIC for this kind of low-level commands.

A more pragmatic solution would be to use an ESP32 or an RPI2040, wire them to a "donor" cd drive and then implement just the most basic MMC commands to make sense of the disc layout and save to disk the binary stream.

I'm pretty sure I'm missing something extremely obvious given the lack of similar attempts; wouldn't be surprised if not a single readily available programmable microcontroller on the market has the necessary bandwidth for this task.