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by Tijdreiziger 344 days ago
The Netherlands actually explicitly set aside spectrum in the 4G auctions to be auctioned off to new market entrants (besides the established T-Mobile, Vodafone, and KPN), leading to the entry of Tele2 (until then an MVNO) and Ziggo/UPC (until then cable ISPs and MVNOs) into the market.

However, a few years down the line, Tele2 ended up in a merger with T-Mobile (now Odido), and Ziggo/UPC/Vodafone went through mergers to end up as VodafoneZiggo.