[felixnm]

Resign is employee initiated, being laid off, or layoff, is company initiated. Not sure about other states, but in Illinois if you resign, most likely you won't qualify for unemployment benefits. If you're laid off (as I've been multiple times), you can qualify for unemployment benefits. I'm basing this on my experience, but you should consult an attorney before signing anything if you're being fired/laid off/let go, etc.

[yladiz]

In Germany, it’s similar: you’re entitled to unemployment benefits regardless (if you’ve been an employee of a company that pays for your salary and taxes), but if you quit you don’t get benefits for 3 months as a “penalty”, so people ask to get fired by their employer and in some cases the employer obliges.

[frollogaston]

That and severance pay if the company does it. From the article: "if they chose [to resign], they would not receive severance pay."