[nyrikki]

'Reducibility' is a property if present that makes problems tractable or possibly practical.

What you are mentioning is called western reductionism by some.

In the western world it does map to Plato etc, but it is also a problem if you believe everything is reducible.

Under the assumption that all models are wrong, but some are useful, it helps you find useful models.

If you consider Laplacian determinism as a proxy for reductionism, Cantor diagonalization and the standard model of QM are counterexamples.

Russell's paradox is another lens into the limits of Plato, which the PEM assumption is based on.

Those common a priori assumptions have value, but are assumptions which may not hold for any particular problem.