For the hardest known material, take a look at this paper from 2005: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApPhL..87h3106D
Or the Wikipedia article for a more general treatment: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggregated_diamond_nanorod
Ref: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16610-diamond-no-longe...
Ref: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16610-diamond-no-longe...