[bluenose69]

I think written examinations are the only solution, and "distance" is the right word.

Also, oral examinations are costly to administer. This work needs to be done with a panel, to avoid complaints. And the panel members cannot include TAs, who are after all just students themselves. A 10-minute examination can have start-up problems, and doesn't allow for in-depth followup questions.

With a panel of say 3 professors replacing 1 professor, and interviews of say 1 hour replacing what might be 20 minutes of grading, we are talking about quite a lot of increased workload.