[mrjeeves]

The headers are included in every single downlink message after initiating a call, including the downlink SIP Invite message before 100 Trying, 180 Ringing or 183 Session Progress.

If you're quick enough (or automate this with dedicated software, like an attacker might actually do), it won't even need to ring out. It's really not good.

[dilyevsky]

that's wild. did you also try any callees connected to a different PLMN?