[Freak_NL]

In the Netherlands no less than twenty trade associations sent letters to the government on behalf of their shopkeeper members urging legal action to prevent Klarna from coming. Part of it is that Klarna is fairly expensive compared to the common payment methods (i.e., cash and debit cards). Klarna charges a whopping 4% of the purchase price, whereas using a debit card (perhaps 95% of payments in physical shops) costs a fixed 17 euro cents, and cash costs just the costs of keeping it around safely and getting it to the bank.

But there is also the realisation that a customer who uses BNPL today, won't be coming back next month when they are paying off their loan.

Dutch shopkeepers do not want Klarna, but if major chains like Primark etc. do it, they fear customers will start expecting it.

[ericmay]

> But there is also the realisation that a customer who uses BNPL today, won't be coming back next month when they are paying off their loan.

I don’t think that’s a good argument. For shops and customers that utilize BNPL you are not typically making routine purchases at the shop anyway because the minimums are $50 or more (merchants can negotiate those terms with the provider) but the base tends to be around $50.

If you buy a bicycle using BNPL you’re not like coming back to the shop the next month and buying a new bike again.

BNPL increases sales and merchants really like using it which is why they are signing up for it more and more. Basically the increase in cost is worth it to increase sales.

There may be some bad social dynamics, taking out loans, etc. but generally both merchants and customers like using those products which is why they use them.

[losteric]

How does bnpl increase sales?

My intuition is it brings in a slight bump now, at the cost of longer term.

The customer can either wait N months to buy the bike cash, or buy it now and pay interest for the next K months.

- In the first scenario, customers can quickly save up and return for accessories/etc.

- in the latter, the customer is playing XX% on top of the bike purchase which ultimately reduces the purchases that customer can make.

It’s just exploiting the “present bias”/time-discounting in human psychology.

[ericmay]

Your intuition is wrong. As a simple example, during the months of saving in cash, by the time they have the cash, if they even save at all, they have more options for purchase. So maybe they go with the original merchant, maybe they don’t. Maybe they buy something else.

Instead merchants prefer to lock in a sale right then and there, and they pay for that service.

[grues-dinner]

Surely that averages out with people switching the other way during the save-up period?

Perhaps for an individual shop right now, in a world where Klarna exists but not universally, yes, there's a benefit to using it to lock in that particular customer right now.

It's less obvious to me, in the long run, that widespread Klarnification results in benefits to any particular shop. As mentioned earlier, having Klarna sapping up to double-digit percentages of the portion of customers' money (it's "zero interest" until it very much isn't, and they're in the "subprime" market) they were spending on possible-Klarnables and a few percent of yours on top as fees is easily a bigger impact that the average losses, if any, from the delta between switch-away and -to.

It's a bit of a prisoners' dilemma: you stand to gain money by defecting (to using Klarna) unilaterally, but if everyone does that, you all, plus the customer, collectively lose money (to Klarna).

[ericmay]

> Surely that averages out with people switching the other way during the save-up period?

Maybe? I’m not aware yet of any data that would support that hypothesis one way or the other. But we know that some businesses fail and some succeed so it would lead me to believe that hypothesis probably isn’t correct. As you mention though the availability of these offers isn’t universal, some businesses eschew these options and others don’t, and we will see that play out in the market.

If the businesses that don’t offer these services (cash only businesses as an analog) fail or convert you might have your answer.

I will also say that for many businesses they offer more than one BNPL provider at checkout so there is competitive pressure to offer good terms, have good creditworthiness models, and features to attract customers. Platforms like Shopify allow BNPL providers to create easy to use plugins that appear at checkout and merchants can add a few including Shopify’s home grown solution rather trivially.

In general I think your argument that it’s less obvious that it’s beneficial “in the long run” rests on the same logic that credit cards, 0% for 12 month offers, personal loans, etc. do as to whether there are benefits. Right now businesses add these products and see revenue go up, even if margins go down by 6-8% or so.

[d1sxeyes]

Your assumption that customers will not buy accessories until they have repaid the Klarna loan is a long way from certain.

Loans like this also encourage customers to increase spend, because adding an extra few dollars (cents, etc) to your monthly payment is psychologically not as big of a deal as waiting another month or two before you can afford the more expensive item.

[gruez]

>How does bnpl increase sales?

Same way credit card increase sales, such that stores are willing to eat the higher interchange rate it costs compared debit.

[trollbridge]

Merchants really do not want a 4% decrease in their gross revenue.

[ericmay]

Yes they do, because they don’t have a decrease in gross revenue, but instead a higher gross revenue and smaller margins. But that results in higher profit for the merchant so they go with it.

[trollbridge]

OK, merchants do not want a new expense that is 4% of gross revenue. Klarna’s TOS currently says a merchant can’t surcharge for it… but Visa, MC et al used to do that too.

[firesteelrain]

How is Klarna any different than Affirm or its precursors like Bill Me Later which later became PayPal Credit?

[Freak_NL]

Never heard of them. I don't think I ever saw these offered in online shops operating in the Netherlands, while Klarna is in almost every online shop. If they offer BNPL they are probably just as much scum.