The libraries you listed are too specialized. And they require integration with asset pipeline which is well outside of scope of a programming language.
As for the generic things, I think C# is the only mainstream language which has small vectors, 3x2 and 4x4 matrices, and quaternions in the standard library.
To be fair, there is no language that has a framework that contains all of these things... unless you're using one of the game engines like Unity/Unreal.
If you're willing to constrain yourself to 2D games, and exclude physics engines (assume you just use one of the Box2D bindings) and also UI (2D gamedevs tend to make their own UI systems anyway)... Then your best bet in the C# world is Monogame (https://monogame.net/), which has lots of successful titles shipped on desktop and console (Stardew Valley, Celeste)
> To be fair, there is no language that has a framework that contains all of these things.
Depends. There is Godot Script. Seeing how it comes with a game engine.
But original claim was
> actually dotnet also does not need too many dependencies for games and desktop apps.
If you're including languages with big game engines. It's a tautology. Languages with good game engines, have good game engines.
But general purpose programming language has very little to gain from including a niche library even if it's the best in business. Imagine if C++ shipped with Unreal.