[alephnerd]

Most politicans in India are from the lowest castes - "Other Backward Caste" and "Scheduled Castes" [0].

And India uses Caste Based Affirmative Action using a quota that makes around 60% of all government positions reserved for lower caste individuals [1]

> state of government schools in India, which are almost exclusively used by the very poor. State funded schools in east Asian countries are of significantly higher quality

These are broad terms. Education falls onto state and local government in India, and leads to massive variation (eg. Kerala, Punjab public schools doing fairly well versus Bihar, MP public schools doing badly).

It's the same in East Asia, though I would like to know what you define as "East Asia". The urban-rural education gap is well documented in China as well [2]

[0] - https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-caste-factor-p...

[1] - https://www.clearias.com/reservation-in-india/

[2] - https://fsi.stanford.edu/docs/research_projects__understandi...

[slothtrop]

> Most politicans in India are from the lowest castes - "Other Backward Caste" and "Scheduled Castes" [0].

Now, but the argument concerns development over the 20th century, not the current makeup.

[alephnerd]

The OBC/SC/ST plurality has been the norm in Indian politics since the 1980s.

China and India only began to diverge in the late 2000s to early 2010s, and much of that is due to China's investment in urban construction and real estate, while India's economy entered a lost decade due to a loan origination crisis.

[kamaal]

India did a fork in its flavor of politics in the 1980s. The goals went from making a industrial state, with a big middle class, with health care, housing, decent working hours and retirement -to- making politics whose goals were restoring cultural-religious pride and history revisionism.

There was total chaos through 1980s and 1990s, governments would come and go without outright majority without much progress on the economic front. Only exception was being at the right time and place for the outsourcing boom. But its effects were limited to a few cities and groups of people.

There was some correction in 2000s, but it does look like making a affluent industrial economy is neither the goal of the political class or the electoral section.