[torginus]

This paper should be viewed in retrospect with the present day knowledge that Deepseek exists - regulating compute in not as easy or effective as previously thought.

As for the Chinese chip industry, I don't claim to be an expert on it, but it seems the Chinese are quickly coming up with increasingly less inferior alternatives to Western tech.

[GoatInGrey]

The thing is, though, that Deepseek's training cluster is comprised of mostly pre-ban chips. That and the performance/intelligence of their flagship models achieved parity with western models between two and eight months old at the time of release. So in a way, they're still behind the Americans and the export controls hamper their ability to change that moving forward.

Perhaps it only takes China a few years to develop domestic hardware clusters rivalling western ones. Though those few years might prove critical in determining who crosses the takeoff threshold of this technology, first.