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by gauge_field 497 days ago
A contributing factor is how complex/smart the current hardware is. It can have cache line size, different forms of hardware/software prefetching, different ports for different ops, memory latency, simd extensions. These leave many opportunities for algorithms to be optimized over. There is also the issue of real life scenarios not matching with asymptotic ones (due to e.g., size of input), which when coupled with previous factors, leads to even more potential optimization schemes. Obligatory reference: https://agner.org/optimize/