[dartos]

Different underlying causes for the same condition is possible.

Given how little we know about the internals of brain function, it’s not surprising to see conflicting indicators of the same condition.

I’m just a layman, tho, so what do I know.

[lumost]

There are also two axis of deficit in autostic individuals. Social and cognitive. Its not uncommon for individuals to present without cognitive deficit, however social deficits can still be severe e.g. A 5 year old who cannot participate in class due to meltdowns and inability to follow social norms such as sharing/turn taking/listening.

I haven't read these studies, but it seems natural that there would need to be control for the type and severity of autism.