[hkwerf]

> Setting an OS timer would make the thread use 0% CPU. “Regularly querying the system time and comparing to a limit” would not.

As mentioned, this is the first case and can be achieved by calls to sleep/Sleep/etc. You'd only regularly query if there is actual useful work to be done. That's the premise of the second case you quoted from.

[Joker_vD]

The article is, I reckon, about a rather common case when a thread that does multiplexed I/O also needs to perform some timer-related tasks as well. As the very first paragraph states, "A blocking sleep won't cut it!"

Unless you do it in a separate thread and then signal other threads but that's insane.