[JumpCrisscross]

> choices for small-scale energy sources are: batteries with all their dirty mining, biofuels taking away lots of arable land from food/textile/etc production, or fuel cells

Storage also includes flywheels and pumped hydro. Hydrogen is mostly a farce.

[kbolino]

The key adjective there is "small-scale". There are many more alternatives when size is not an issue. Flywheels are very useful but their energy density is too low to be the primary power source for a vehicle.