[Keyframe]

Ada is a lot of fun and a great thing which is ruined (and blessed) by the fact there's de facto only one implementation and company behind it out in the open, and that is semi-closed / license PITA. There were improvements over the years by AdaCore, but I think this altogether hurt the adoption of such a great language in general - no other wide open implementation (like Rust has). If you want to see an extreme example of such a hurt, take a look at Allegro CL and Franz; Imagine having that out in the open and what it'd do for CL, but at least CL has great alternatives in the open like SBCL, whereas Ada doesn't.

[pjmlp]

Not at all, there are 7 Ada compiler vendors still in business.

https://www.adacore.com/

https://www.ghs.com/products/ada_optimizing_compilers.html

https://www.ptc.com/en/products/developer-tools/apexada

https://www.ddci.com/products_score/

http://www.irvine.com/tech.html

http://www.ocsystems.com/w/index.php/OCS:PowerAda

http://www.rrsoftware.com/html/prodinf/janus95/j-ada95.htm

And AdaCore sponsors GNAT, with Ada being one of the few official GCC languages for two decades now.

[mirashii]

> out in the open

This part was an important part of the sentence you might've missed.

[pjmlp]

https://www.gnu.org/software/gnat/

[quietbritishjim]

The original point is that there is only one open implementation. This is a link to that one open implementation. You are pushing this conversation around in circles.

[pjmlp]

How many open implementations are there for plenty of other languages, like the main implementations, driving the whole ecosystem, not partial implementations with if and buts?

[CRConrad]

How many open implementations are there of Rust?

(Serious question; I genuinely don't know. Always assumed it was about 1, though.)

[Agingcoder]

Do they all support the latest standards ?

[pjmlp]

A couple of them do, it isn't as if C and C++ FOSS compilers do as well.

https://en.cppreference.com/

C++23 and C23 are the latest, and there are plenty of missing features from previous standards.

[nytpu]

It's FOSS and is actually included with GCC, but the toolchain is still a PITA to install just because no one (other than Debian and Arch Linux) bothers packaging it. I think Alire is supposed to make it easy to install but I haven't used it much: https://alire.ada.dev/

SPARK 2014 itself is the same too AFAIK, the problem is there's a lot of auxiliary static analysis tools and plugins that are gated behind AdaCore's sales wall (and of course they'd never deign to sell licenses affordable to individuals)

[ajdude]

The situation was pretty bad a few years ago, and the licensing was confusing but it's pretty straightforward now with Alire. (AdaCore also got rid of their "Community Edition which had the weird license restrictions).

I'm doing a presentation at FOSDEM next year called "Get started with Ada in 2 minutes or less!"[1]; because (on MacOS and Linux) I can go from not having no toolchain a all to compiling hello world in under 2 minutes (I've timed it).

Here's some steps:

1. open your terminal, run the following command: curl --proto '=https' -sSf https://www.getada.dev/init.sh | sh

Congratulations, you now have Alire!

2. Run the following command: alr init --bin hello

Now you have a fully structured Ada project, gpr files and all!

3. Edit your program in hello/src/hello.adb

You can use vscode to open the hello folder with the Ada Language server, or just run "alr edit" to open your editor with all of the files built in.

4. Compile with: alr build

Alire will automatically grab the latest native toolchain (gnat, gprbuild, etc) and compile the program.

If you want to use another toolchain, such as for cross-compiling, or another version of GNAT, simply run: alr toolchains --select

5. Run the program: hello/bin/helo

On windows, you can just download the windows installer; alire is also on Freshports for the BSDs.

[1] https://fosdem.org/2025/schedule/event/fosdem-2025-5056-get-...

[DaiPlusPlus]

Your step 1 violated my very hard rule against piping curl into a shell.

…and is ironic advice for a safety-critical system, no?

——-

(Yes, I’ve read arp242.net/curl-to-sh.html - but my point being that as I’d be new to Ada then I don’t know who to trust; I’ve never heard of getada.dev therefore I don’t trust it)

[ajdude]

It's an understandable rule, and you can definitely just download the binary from alire.ada.dev and add it to $PATH but with such a harsh stigma around how difficult it is to get the toolchain set up, GetAda follows the precedent of Rust, where you can grab the toolchain via "curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh" (thanks to Rustup).

It was received positively at the time:

Show HN: Getada: rustup-like installer for Ada's toolchain/package manager 194 points | 115 comments: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40132373

[samatman]

Is it really so bad to run it twice, with cat/bat replaced with sh on the second pass? If you're really paranoid about it you could save the first run to a file, so you know for certain that the server didn't do a switcheroo for the second one, but if you think about it, that's a low-payout move for Bad Guy #N compared to just sending the pwnage the first time around.

This is beside the fact that we're talking about downloading and running a user-owned binary, which, unlike the shell script, is impractical to inspect in any detail, and has the same privileges as the shell script we're supposed to worry about.

I view "don't curl to shell" as about 90% theatrics basically. Sure, read it first, I do in fact do that. But it's a silly 'very hard rule'.

[jerf]

I routinely save to a file before execution, but it's not really about being attacked. It's about the fact that those scripts, in order to be "fire and forget", make many assumptions, often very large ones, about where I want things or under what user, etc.

Many of them are actually quite well-written under the hood and can be easily moved to other directories, have comments about what it is doing, etc.

[pjmlp]

Here are the Rust installation instructions, that apparently is sooo much better,

https://www.rust-lang.org/learn/get-started

> The primary way that folks install Rust is through a tool called Rustup, which is a Rust installer and version management tool.

A couple of lines below

> curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

[chlorion]

I'm pretty sure that gentoo also packages ada, but it doesn't get installed by default, as its behind a USE flag.

[LiamPowell]

As far as I'm aware, the compiler AdaCore sells is just GCC. You can install GCC built with Ada support from your distros package manager and it will just work. You can also download builds from here: https://github.com/alire-project/GNAT-FSF-builds

[debugnik]

> As far as I'm aware, the compiler AdaCore sells is just GCC.

The compiler yes, but I'm convinced FOSS gnatprove must be outdated in some way: Last time I tried following AdaCore's SPARK manuals, certain basic aspects and pragmas didn't work correctly on the latest version.

Not to mention when SPARK aspects sometimes broke the LSP and formatter.

[Keyframe]

If something hasn't changed, FSF builds are a year behind libre version (by design), and libre version is GPL3 cancer which is not suitable for commercial development. You're then stuck either with a year old version or buy into AdaCore Pro version of it. Not great, not terrible.. but that's kind of the only game out in the open, which is what makes it different from most of other languages out there.

[debugnik]

GNAT CE isn't a thing anymore, only FSF and Pro exist. And AdaCore now sponsors Alire, which installs FSF GNAT, and relicensed some of their tools more permissively.

[Keyframe]

Haven't looked in a while. That's great news then! Rust steals a lot of thunder these days though.

[CRConrad]

> and libre version is GPL3 cancer which is not suitable for commercial development.

YTF would GPL v. 3 be "cancer" for commercial development? (Shades of Ballmer; is Linux also "a cancer" to you?)

EULAs have all kinds of stupid shit in them already. Just make yours GPL3-compatible.

[wavemode]

Why would the license of the compiler matter? It doesn't require you to license the code you compile with it accordingly.

[Keyframe]

runtime matters

[kevlar700]

Why? The code you compile isn't infected by the runtime license?

[Keyframe]

???

[CRConrad]

> no other wide open implementation (like Rust has)

So (at least according to pjmlp in https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42548360) Rust also only has a single "wide open" implementation.

Which means Rust doesn't have any "other" open implementation either, right?

Honestly, it's hard to know what of all the pro-Rust stuff one sees (here and elsewhere on-line) to take seriously, when its advocates constantly -- consciously or not -- exaggerate its virtues like this.

[bobajeff]

Yeah, to this day Ada, though a beautiful language, is a hard choice to make if you are concerned about certain targets. How would i get my program to compile to Android NDK? Even Swift has a better story with it's tooling.

That's before we even talk about important stuff like libraries.

[pjmlp]

Unless you are using the Android NDK with the official provided clang for C and C++, anything else is a pain for masochits that rather endure yak shaving the whole infrastructure than code in either C or C++ alongside either Java or Kotlin.

[Lucretia9]

What are the options required to build an android gcc these days?

[pjmlp]

None since Google dropped GCC support, to anyone to do the work to make it work again.