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The short answer is that it appeals to managers who are not themselves developers and believe that software can be reproduced through a factory process, like other supply chain goods. Scrum also produces lots of metrics and artifacts which these managers, lacking an understanding of code, use to judge progress and product performance.

Because scrum aligns with the way managers think and produces output they like, it gets ordered into existence. It doesn't align with developer methods nor produce what devs want (working code), so therein lies the rub.