Here in New Zealand there used to be state care for various children. They ended up in ‘care’ for various reasons. However, for way too many it was basically just state sanctioned sadistic torture. Every sort of abuse you can name.
The number of survivors that ended up in gangs is significant. It’s an utterly shameful part of New Zealand history.
https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/education/recognising-switzerla...
100K children, up to the 1980s, but who knows what's happening nowadays.