Almost all parts require it, but none are about it. That's how background knowledge works. If you can't get over the drudgery of learning scales and chords, you'll never learn music. The fact that many learners never understand this end goal is sad but doesn't invalidate the methodology needed to achieve the progression.
It would be interesting to test adults with the same tests that students were given. Plus some more esoteric knowledge. What they learned at school could then be compared to see new information that they learned after school... as well as information, skills that they didn't use after school. It may help focus learning on useful skills knowledge that people have learned... as well as information that they didn't learn in school that would be useful for them!
As a drummer, you need to learn your scales and chords. It still matters, and the way you interact with the music should be consistent with how the chords change, and where the melody is within the scale.