No, Windows Update's Nvidia driver set is usually years out of date and rarely gets updated. It exists as an emergency fallback and doesn't push out regular updates.
Which begs the question: is Windows' NVIDIA driver even affected by this recent flaw?
Because I don't use my PC to play games and thus don't need anything more than run-of-the-mill graphics acceleration, I'm loathe to download NVIDIA's enormous drivers, which I assume contain extraneous features and utilities that are useless to me.