[tzs]

How doctors are licensed in the US compared to western Europe might explain why health care costs are higher in the US, but it does not explain why health care costs are rising so much. That's because health care costs are rising at similar rates in western Europe (and most of the rest of the first world).

For example from 2000 to 2018 here's the ratio of per capita health care costs in 2018 to the costs in 2000 for several countries:

2.1 Germany 1.8 France 2.0 Canada 1.7 Italy 2.6 Japan 2.6 UK 2.3 US

Here's cost ratios over several decades compared to 1970 costs for the US, the UK, and France:

     1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
  US  3.2  8.2 13.9 24.1 36.3
  UK  3.1  6.3 15.3 27.8 40.5
  FR  3.4  7.6 14.9 21.1 28.5

Here's the same data showing the the cost ratio decade to decade instead of from 1970:

     1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
  US  3.2  2.6  1.7  1.7  1.5
  UK  3.1  2.0  2.4  1.8  1.5
  FR  3.4  2.2  2.0  1.4  1.4

My data source was https://data.oecd.org/healthres/health-spending.htm but it looks like data.oecd.org reorganized their site so that redirects to https://www.oecd.org/en/data/indicators/health-spending.html which seems to have the data but with a much more limited interface.

[bonoboTP]

Doctor salary is not the only or perhaps even the main factor in healthcare expensiveness, but taking on the overall cost disease in healthcare would broaden the scope too wide for this thread, I think.

Also, I admit that the balloon may in fact never pop, since one theory says that healthcare costs so much simply because it can. It just expands until it costs as much as possible but not more. I'm leaning towards accepting Robin Hanson's signaling-based logic to explain it.