[horsawlarway]

Generally speaking - you can just mount the local directory in the container (this is particularly easy with docker compose) during development.

https://docs.docker.com/engine/storage/bind-mounts/

Then there's no need to rebuild or restart your container while developing.

For debugging, it depends a bit on the tool - anything that expects to interact through a network port is very straightforward (just expose the port locally, and run the tool as usual). If it needs more than that, it can be more complex.