Catcher in the Rye, Salinger captures that feeling of being a lost teenager while at the same time thinking that we know everything. It's an amazing book to read as a teen.
I second this. I read it at school and felt such a strong connection with Holden (as did everyone else that read it) and it really showed me there is so much more value in books outside of simple entertainment. I would also recommend Botchan by Natsume Soseki for the same reasons (although I came upon this much later in life).