[nerdponx]

I assume by "in industry" they meant in jobs where you are doing data analysis to support decisions that your employer is making. This would be any typical "data scientist" job nowadays. There the consequences of BSing are felt by the entity that pays you, and will eventually come back around to you.

The incentives in medicine are more similar to those in academia, where your job is to cook up data that convinces someone else of your results, with highly imbalanced incentives that reward fraud.

[DAGdug]

Yes, precisely this! I’ve seen more than a few people fired for generating BS analyses that didn’t help their employer, especially in tech where scrutiny is immense when things start to fail.