[JPLeRouzic]

Thanks for your answer, but reproducing an organism down to the cell force fields is not my point.

My point is that animal models are extremely imperfect, otherwise we would not spend billions on clinical trials.

On the other hand, now there are many software that are used in medicine to predict the behavior of an organ in some circumstances. Whole-body simulations of pharmacokinetics and toxicology have existed for two decades and are now quite accurate.

I feel that we are now on the verge of integrating those many approaches. For instance:

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38480804/

So I ask, if it's possible to use soon, the integration of these software components to replace the pre-clinical usage of animal models.