[jmorrison]

You say, correctly I believe, "for virtual reality to count, there must be high stakes, real consequences..."

Domains in which this is true, specifically domains for which "negative training" gets people killed, are probably the best bet. Military, LEO, disaster preparedness training spring to mind. However, the cost of the real world training exercises replaced has to be more than the cost of the VR, or the training exercise has to be impossible or too dangerous to pull off in the real world.