[xmodem]

Jetty implements both TLS and compression, though in environments where I don't already have automated certificate issuance infrastructure in place I have occasionally deployed caddy as a reverse proxy just for the TLS termination.

[fny]

Most web applications are not written in Java. NGINX also allows static assets to be served directly while side-stepping the application server. This is a boon for interpreted languages.

[xmodem]

And that is a perfectly valid performance reason for adding an nginx layer in front. It does not IMO justify it in the general case however.

[rollcat]

I agree with fny's comment, and add that most "application servers" don't bother with things like supporting sendfile(2); e.g. when hosting a Python application, you need to add something like Whitenoise, and integrate it with your application somehow; that's extra development work that is sometimes easier to throw over the fence at the sysadmin (especially since the sysadmin will usually already have that part of their job automated).

I'd also say that there is no such thing as a "general case"; I've launched and/or supported countless (must be hundreds?) of web projects and even the "simple" ones were each a bit of a snowflake.

https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/sendfile.2.html

https://whitenoise.readthedocs.io/

[fny]

But that is the general case. Most web apps are written in interpreted languages like JavaScript which benefit from a reverse proxy. If I remember correctly, NGINX became popular because of Rails.

Maybe in Java-land it’s overused, but everywhere else it makes sense.

[zeroCalories]

Something like nginx will likely perform far better at serving static content and other cacheable requests. Also allows you to run two binaries at once for a rolling update.

[xmodem]

> likely perform far better at serving static content and other cacheable requests.

But at the cost of having a separate build step that deploys your static assets somewhere. Jetty is actually pretty fast - I've built some fairly high-volume internal apps this way.

> Also allows you to run two binaries at once for a rolling update.

You don't necessarily need an extra reverse proxy layer for this, though I will concede in some environments it's probably the easiest way to achieve it.

[zeroCalories]

You don't necessarily need to deploy your static content anywhere, you can just set nginx to cache your content.

Also, most other rolling update solutions will end up being more complex than having a reverse proxy. What do you have in mind that would be simpler? NixOS?