[normie3000]

Is it the compiler that would catch it?

[mkl]

Yes. This would be caught by the compiler in C, C++, Java, Rust, Haskell, etc.: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1517582/what-is-the-diff...

Many statically typed languages do have escape hatches to do some dynamic typing at runtime, but this is not the default (hence the classification), and it requires some additional effort to use.