That's basically SQL. Many SQL systems have lots of built in connectivity to various data sources.
DuckDB is a good example of a (literally) serverless SQL-based tool for data processing. It is designed to be able to treat the common data serialization formats as though they are tables in a schema [1], and you can export to many of the same formats. With extensions, you can also connect to relational databases as foreign tables.
This connectivity is a big reason it has built a pretty avid following in the data science world.