The issue isn't 2fa it's Google authenticator. When I log in from a new device lets me log in using my phone as 2fa but that is not an option for takeout -- only authenticator. I can find no way to remove it.
Google authenticator is a type of 2FA. They are saying that if you can figure out a way to remove 2FA from your account, then you can re-add it with the current authenticator app you have, which will allow you to use Takeout.
Back in 2018 I was able to recover a long-lost account by answering questions about when i created it and confirming an old phone number attached to it.