I'm not going to file a bug report, that's more time than I'm willing to spend on a project I'm not involved in. I will say I'm using Termux 0.118 and Racket 8.13 on kernel 5.10 and Android 14 and am willing to answer questions.
I just installed the package called `racket` from Termux's upstream, and it seems that they're using racket-minimal for that. Bit of a gotcha, but at least it doesn't seem like there's a bug. Thanks for the tip.