[sorahn]

macOS has an accessibility feature where you can hold ctrl (or something) and use the scroll wheel to zoom the entire screen in.

Not quite the same, but works really well for not breaking any layouts because it just scales the entire display out of the viewable area.

[Vegenoid]

There is also a great piece of software that allows you to use ctrl+scroll to do the trackpad pinch-style zoom (and some other mouse-related things): https://macmousefix.com/

[naitgacem]

ctrl+scroll on Windows generally scales the text only. Even the built-in magnifier is extremly clunky and zooms only to 200%, 300% ...