[skybrian]

Here is a framework for thinking about it: raising population-level concerns and using them to justify laws restricting what children parents can have (or not have) seems like the pro-eugenics side. The reproductive freedom side is to take a laissez-faire attitude on how the human population changes. Let parents choose the children they want to have and it will probably work out.

That doesn't make the issues easy. There are some forms of state coercion that people are sympathetic to. For example, in India, there is unfortunately a strong preference for male children, and there are laws to prevent sex selection. This is obviously reducing people's reproductive freedom because there's a state interest in a balanced sex ratio.

Another example of state coercion that people are unsympathetic to is China, where the state had an interest in reducing population growth and imposed a one-child policy. Seems like that's eugenics? It's imposing personal hardship for a population-level concern.

Along these lines, I'm wary of population-level concerns like "will deaf people die out." What could the state do about it? At the individual parent level, nobody should have to raise a deaf child if they don't want to, when it's unnecessary.

But a tough case for the reproductive freedom side is: can deaf parents use prenatal testing to select for deaf children, if that's what they want? That's not a population-level concern, it's personal: specific parents want a deaf child. A lot of people have trouble with that kind of reproductive freedom when they wouldn't have an issue with wanting a boy or girl, because deliberately causing deafness sure seems bad for that child.