[humzashahid98]

I think you're right to point out that it's too strong a claim to say that sum types are a basic building block of thought, although I believe they are very useful in coding regardless of that claim.

There is the still the ongoing debate about how much human perception and human reason are shaped by cultural forces vs. universal forces (where the latter asserts humans reason in the same/similar ways).

There's evidence that certain optical illusions don't work across cultures for example (I seem to remember those in Western countries have a tendency to mentally group things in rectangular boxes). The exact balance between cultural and universal forces isn't known and I doubt we could say anything about sum types in that regard.