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by _dain_ 773 days ago
>I rarely see problems that are due to typing

This is a fallacy similar to the Blub paradox: if your language has a weak[1] type system, then it isn't capable of recognizing many problems as "type error". But stronger type systems can express stronger invariants. So something that isn't a type error in one language will be a type error in another. This changes how the programmer conceives of problems.

Example: missing a case in a switch statement isn't a "type error" in C or Java, but it is a "type error" in languages like Rust or ML, because they have sum types with exhaustiveness checking. Other examples: array bounds checks can be eliminated with dependent types; lifecycle bugs like use-after-free and double-free can be eliminated with substructural types.

[1] "weak" in an informal sense of "not very expressive"

3 comments

The real Blub paradox to me is that the most powerful and expressive language is best characterized by minimalism at the language level.
Correct me if I'm wrong, but doesn't the Blub Paradox imply that languages dedicated to Code Golfing are at the pinnacle of expressiveness, and look down on everyone else's languages (for their extreme verbosity, compared to the golfing languages)?
No I don't think it's about compactness of expression, but rather what it's possible to express at all.
Yeah or even simple typos, or mixing up the order of arguments, are things that are hard to catch in regular JS (except at runtime) but trivial in TS.

I suspect a lot of people might have had bad experiences with codebases which overuse complex types or trying to type things like Redux which is messy. When I use TS for personal stuff I’ll typically be a bit loose about things like any in places where I don’t care (for now) and I feel it doesn’t add much overhead, but I have been using it for a long time so it’s become second nature.