1. what you're describing as a "file" is really no different from a "password". I assume you're choosing to call it a "file" because you're picturing generating some huge blob, but a randomly generated password doesn't need to be very long to be effectively uncrackable, so I think you're proposing wasting time/bandwidth for no added security.
I appreciate the resources, I read each of them. The file is essentially no different from a password, but the major difference here is that I would not store the file on my server, nor the decryption keys. Only the sha256 checksum of the file. An attacker can do very little with a checksum associated with user data. I know this is a novel approach, but thats why I'm trying this on a project that is hardly sensitive as an anonymous blogging platform. If there are vulnerabilities, the data gained by an attacker would not even be very valuable.