Assuming you're serving a frontend that makes network calls to a backend, you'll need to handle loading states in the frontend regardless of how the backend retrieves its data.
You're just saying, even if all you were doing was fetching a static JSON blob from the memory of the frontend server, you'd still want load states, right? (That makes sense, I'm just checking my understanding.)
The key here is to make a single API call to the backend which then runs 100+ SQL queries at once and combines the results into a single JSON response - that way you're only paying the network cost once.
I've implemented GraphQL on top of SQLite and found it to be an amazingly good match, because the biggest weakness of GraphQL is that it makes it easy to accidentally trigger 100s of queries in one request and with SQLite that really doesn't matter.