[emporas]

Well, absolute zero temperatures (or close to it) are the usual way to create quantum computation. Absolute zero temperatures however are totally impractical economically also size of the machine (see MRI machines) and other reasons i cannot recall right now.

In absolute zero temperatures, the electrons behave in a discreet way, like digits, they behave less unpredictably. Temperature is one way to control their movement, but i think magnetism is another one.

What these two discoveries mean (MoTe2 and the graphene one), is that there is another way to control their movement, less unpredictable movement once again, in normal temperatures and without magnetism. They call that "fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect (FQAHE)".

That's my take on it. Still not GPT-4 level but getting there.

EDIT: Also 2d material means a material one atom thick. Graphene is exactly that, that's the definition of graphene: graphite one atom thick. The two materials they describe, are not 2D exactly, but they are thin enough that they consider them 2D. They essentially mean sheets of atoms, instead of them being just an atom thick, a little bit more, like 5 or 10 atoms thick.