[kkoyung]

The software behind Codeberg is Forgejo, which is a fork of Gitea. The team of Forgejo is working on a federation protocol based on ActivityPub. Once it is done, it will be able to exchange data with other Forgejo servers and any server supporting that protocol. So, we may expect that Codeberg will transform from centralized to federated.

sr.ht chooses another approach. You only need an email to submit codes, file issue, join discussion, etc. From perspective of source hosting, it is centralized. But, from perspective of project collaboration, it is decentralized.

[_flux]

Federated is nice, but with Radicle you don't need a server with publically accessible IP, so you can pull and push with just a node running on your laptop—though I understand there still need to be some nodes with publically accessible IP due to NAT and it doesn't seem Radicle is (yet?) doing NAT punching/STUN/TURN.

Well, at least you don't need a name or a certificate for the server, I assume its id works as its cryptographic identity.