In the short term yes, but probably not their only duty. Want the problem solved in the real world or not? Hoping doesn't work, as has been demonstrated.
Also, in country where societal trust has broken down, it could only be successful as part of a larger strategy to fix that first.
Presumably after a culture of cleanliness takes hold, "litter enforcement" would drop off.
We'll simply put a serial number on every single-use plastic bag, and link it to a government-issued photo ID card when you accept the bag. There will be a mobile app allowing you to register the transfer of a registered plastic bag to another citizen, possibly using the blockchain. The police will then arrest the owners of lost bags in their copious free time. /s